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In DNA analysis systems, repeated markers often appear next to each other. Instead of storing every marker individually, we can summarize consecutive identical markers using a compact format.

Run-Length Encoding (RLE) is a simple and highly efficient lossless data compression technique. It works by replacing consecutive, repeating characters (or "runs") with a single character and a count of how many times it repeats. For example, the string `AAABBBBBBBAAA` transforms into `3A7B3A`.

In computer science, a greedy algorithm is a problem-solving strategy that makes the optimal choice at each immediate stage, hoping these local choices lead to the best global outcome.